Cirrhopetalum annandalei

Heterotypic Synonyms:

• Bulbophyllum annandalei Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 82: 197 (1920).
• Bulbophyllum annandalei Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 4: 78 (1924), nom. illeg.(var flavum?)

Cirrhopetalum annandalei from Negri Sembilan. Photo courtesy by Keladu Senja

Distribution:
Peninsula Thailand to Peninsula Malaysia
41 THA 42 MLY

Lifeform:
Pseudobulb epiphyte

Cirrhopetalum annandalei plant from Negri Sembilan. Photo courtesy by Keladu Senja

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Ceraia

Ceraia hymenantha

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Ceraia hymenantha (Rchb.f.) Suárez, 2010

Homotypic Synonyms:

• Dendrobium hymenanthum Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 222 (1855).
• Callista hymenantha (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654 (1891).
• Bolbidium hymenanthum (Rchb.f.) Rauschert, Feddes Repert. 94: 433 (1983).
• Ceraia hymenantha (Rchb.f.) Suárez, Orchideen J. 17: 12 (2010).

Ceraia hymenantha from Perak. Photo courtesy by Keladu Senja

Heterotypic Synonyms:

• Dendrobium quadrangulare E.C.Parish & Rchb.f., Flora 69: 553 (1886).
• Callista quadrangularis (E.C.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655 (1891).
• Dendrobium pumilum E.C.Parish & Rchb.f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 150 (1894), nom. illeg.
• Bolbidium quadrangulare (E.C.Parish & Rchb.f.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12): 721 (1981).

Ceraia hymenantha plant.

Distribution:
Indo-China to West Malesia and Philippines
Borneo, Peninsular Malaya and Philiphines
41 MYA THA VIE 42 BOR MLY PHI

Lifeform:
Pseudobulb epiphyte

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Eurycaulis pandurifer (Hook.f.) M.A.Clem., 2003

Homotypic Synonyms:

• Dendrobium panduriferum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 186 (1890).
• Callista pandurifera (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655 (1891).
• Pedilonum panduriferum (Hook.f.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12): 681 (1981).
• Eurycaulis pandurifer (Hook.f.) M.A.Clem., Telopea 10: 287 (2003).

Eurycaulis pandurifer from Perak. Photo courtesy Keladu Senja

Heterotypic Synonyms:

• Dendrobium panduriferum var. serpens Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 185 (1890).
• Dendrobium serpens (Hook.f.) Hook.f., Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 5(1): 10 (1895).
• Dendrobium virescens Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32: 259 (1896).
• Pedilonum serpens (Hook.f.) Brieger, Schlechter Orchideen 1(11-12): 681 (1981).

Distribution:
Indo-China to West Malesia
Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia
41 MYA THA 42 BOR MLY

Lifeform:
Pseudobulb epiphyte

Eurycaulis pandurifer plant from Perak

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Cleisostoma

Cleisostoma Blume

Introduction: 
This large genus of small-flowered orchids is widely distributed from India, through S.E. Asia, New Guinea, the Pacific islands and Australia. The genus until recently has been known as Sarcanthus Lindl. but L. Garay in 1972 has shown that Sarcanthus is a later homonym and is also predated by Cleisostoma.

Derivation of genus name: 
From the Greek kleistos (closed) and stoma (mouth) the genus was first published in 1825 by C.L. Blume. The genus name refers to the allusion to the calli which almost block the mouth of the spur.

Characteristics of genus: 
Small to medium-sizes epiphytic plants.

Number of species in Peninsular Malaya: 
?

Habitat: 
Species of this genus can be found in the tropical lowland forest

Conservation Status: 
not known

 List of Cleisostoma in Peninsular Malaya

Cleisostoma discolor

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Cleisostoma discolor Lindl.,1845

Homotypic Synonyms:

• Cleisostoma discolor Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 59 (1845).
• Sarcanthus discolor (Lindl.) J.J.Sm., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72: 85 (1912).

Heterotypic Synonyms:

• Sarcanthus termissus Rchb.f., Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 16: 15 (1860).
• Sarcanthus macrodon Rchb.f., Gard. Chron. 1872: 1555 (1872).
• Saccolabium rostellatum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 59 (1890).
• Gastrochilus rostellatus (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 661 (1891).
• Sarcanthus auriculatus Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 9 (1895).
• Sarcanthus josephii J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, II, 9: 103 (1913).
• Sarcanthus angkorensis Guillaumin, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 77: 328 (1930).
• Cleisostoma auriculatum (Rolfe) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 169 (1972).
• Cleisostoma termissum (Rchb.f.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 175 (1972).

Distribution:
South India, East Himalaya to West Malesia
Borneo, Java, Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra
40 ASS EHM IND 41 CBD THA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY SUM

Lifeform:
Epiphytic chamaephyte

Cleisostoma discolor from Perak.

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Eulophia

Eulophia zollingeri

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Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm., 1905

Homotypic Synonyms:

• Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm., Orch. Java: 228 (1905).
• Cyrtopera zollingeri Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 38 (1857).

Eulophia zollingeri from Cameron Highland, Pahang. Photo courtesy by  Keladu  Senja

Heterotypic Synonyms:

• Cyrtopera sanguinea Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 32 (1859).
• Eulophia macrorhiza Blume, Coll. Orchid.: 183 (1859).
• Cyrtopera rufa Thwaites, Enum. Pl. Zeyl.: 302 (1861).
• Cyrtopodium sanguineum (Lindl.) N.E.Br., Suppl. Johnson's Gard. Dict.: 912 (1882).
• Cyrtopodium rufum (Thwaites) Trimen, Syst. Cat. Fl. Pl. Ceylon: 89 (1885).
• Cyrtopera papuana Ridl., J. Bot. 24: 354 (1886).
• Eulophia macrorhizon Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 7 (1890).
• Eulophia sanguinea (Lindl.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 8 (1890).
• Graphorkis macrorhiza (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 662 (1891).
• Graphorkis rufa (Thwaites) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 662 (1891).
• Graphorkis sanguinea (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 662 (1891).
• Cyrtopera formosana Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 198 (1896).
• Eulophia formosana (Rolfe) Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 28 (1903).
• Graphorkis papuana (Ridl.) Kuntze, Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 21: 173 (1903).
• Eulophia papuana (Ridl.) J.J.Sm., Nova Guinea 8: 26 (1909), nom. illeg.
• Eulophia macrorhiza var. minahassae Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 70 (1911).
• Eulophia ochobiensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 78 (1916).
• Eulophia carrii C.T.White, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 47: 82 (1935 publ. 1936).
• Eulophia yushuiana S.Y.Hu, Chung Chi J. 11: 19 (1972).
• Eulophia zollingeri f. viride Yokota, J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 46: 184 (1998).

Distribution:
Tropical & Subtropical Asia to Queensland
Borneo, Java, Peninsular Malaya, Molluca, Philiphine,Celebes, Sumatra
36 CHC CHS 38 JAP NNS TAI 40 ASS EHM SRL 41 AND THA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY MOL PHI SUL SUM 43 NWG 50 QLD

Lifeform:
Holomycotrophic pseudobulb epiphyte

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Cirrhopetalum medusae Lindl., 1842

Homotypic Synonyms:

• Bulbophyllum medusae (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 262 (1861).
• Cirrhopetalum medusae Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 28: t. 12 (1842).
• Phyllorkis medusae (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677 (1891).

Heterotypic Synonyms:

• Cirrhopetalum medusae var. album Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 31: 131 (1923).

Cirrhopetalum medusae from Kedah. Photo courtesy by Keladu Senja

Distribution:
Peninsula Thailand to West Malesia
 Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands, Peninsula Malaya, Sumatra
41 THA 42 BOR LSI MLY SUM (43) sol

Lifeform:
Pseudobulb epiphyte

Cirrhopetalum medusae from Kedah, Photo courtesy by Keladu Senja

Habitat :
In Kedah the orchid easy find at rubber plantation. The orchid like full sun shine and a bit dry in forest.

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